diff --git a/libavcodec/cljr.c b/libavcodec/cljr.c
index 51ac10662a..7e0773b6be 100644
--- a/libavcodec/cljr.c
+++ b/libavcodec/cljr.c
@@ -99,16 +99,21 @@ AVCodec ff_cljr_decoder = {
 #if CONFIG_CLJR_ENCODER
 typedef struct CLJRContext {
     AVClass        *avclass;
-    AVFrame         picture;
     int             dither_type;
 } CLJRContext;
 
 static av_cold int encode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
 {
-    CLJRContext * const a = avctx->priv_data;
+    avctx->coded_frame = av_frame_alloc();
+    if (!avctx->coded_frame)
+        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
 
-    avctx->coded_frame = &a->picture;
+    return 0;
+}
 
+static av_cold int encode_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)
+{
+    av_frame_free(&avctx->coded_frame);
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -183,6 +188,7 @@ AVCodec ff_cljr_encoder = {
     .priv_data_size = sizeof(CLJRContext),
     .init           = encode_init,
     .encode2        = encode_frame,
+    .close          = encode_close,
     .pix_fmts       = (const enum AVPixelFormat[]) { AV_PIX_FMT_YUV411P,
                                                    AV_PIX_FMT_NONE },
     .priv_class     = &cljr_class,
diff --git a/libavcodec/escape124.c b/libavcodec/escape124.c
index a050fcb4e9..bed1efb5c8 100644
--- a/libavcodec/escape124.c
+++ b/libavcodec/escape124.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ typedef struct CodeBook {
 } CodeBook;
 
 typedef struct Escape124Context {
-    AVFrame frame;
+    AVFrame *frame;
 
     unsigned num_superblocks;
 
@@ -58,12 +58,15 @@ static av_cold int escape124_decode_init(AVCodecContext *avctx)
 {
     Escape124Context *s = avctx->priv_data;
 
-    avcodec_get_frame_defaults(&s->frame);
     avctx->pix_fmt = AV_PIX_FMT_RGB555;
 
     s->num_superblocks = ((unsigned)avctx->width / 8) *
                          ((unsigned)avctx->height / 8);
 
+    s->frame = av_frame_alloc();
+    if (!s->frame)
+        return AVERROR(ENOMEM);
+
     return 0;
 }
 
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ static av_cold int escape124_decode_close(AVCodecContext *avctx)
     for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
         av_free(s->codebooks[i].blocks);
 
-    av_frame_unref(&s->frame);
+    av_frame_free(&s->frame);
 
     return 0;
 }
@@ -227,13 +230,13 @@ static int escape124_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx,
     // Leave last frame unchanged
     // FIXME: Is this necessary?  I haven't seen it in any real samples
     if (!(frame_flags & 0x114) || !(frame_flags & 0x7800000)) {
-        if (!s->frame.data[0])
+        if (!s->frame->data[0])
             return AVERROR_INVALIDDATA;
 
         av_log(avctx, AV_LOG_DEBUG, "Skipping frame\n");
 
         *got_frame = 1;
-        if ((ret = av_frame_ref(frame, &s->frame)) < 0)
+        if ((ret = av_frame_ref(frame, s->frame)) < 0)
             return ret;
 
         return frame_size;
@@ -272,8 +275,8 @@ static int escape124_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx,
 
     new_frame_data = (uint16_t*)frame->data[0];
     new_stride = frame->linesize[0] / 2;
-    old_frame_data = (uint16_t*)s->frame.data[0];
-    old_stride = s->frame.linesize[0] / 2;
+    old_frame_data = (uint16_t*)s->frame->data[0];
+    old_stride = s->frame->linesize[0] / 2;
 
     for (superblock_index = 0; superblock_index < s->num_superblocks;
          superblock_index++) {
@@ -350,8 +353,8 @@ static int escape124_decode_frame(AVCodecContext *avctx,
            "Escape sizes: %i, %i, %i\n",
            frame_size, buf_size, get_bits_count(&gb) / 8);
 
-    av_frame_unref(&s->frame);
-    if ((ret = av_frame_ref(&s->frame, frame)) < 0)
+    av_frame_unref(s->frame);
+    if ((ret = av_frame_ref(s->frame, frame)) < 0)
         return ret;
 
     *got_frame = 1;