Custom op for RmsNorm (#1890)

* Trying out a custom RmsNorm cuda kernel.

* CPU implementation for rms-norm.

* Cuda wrappers.

* Add some validation.

* Add some testing.

* More testing.

candle-nn/src/ops.rs

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-use candle::{CpuStorage, Layout, Result, Shape, Tensor};
+use candle::{CpuStorage, DType, Layout, Result, Shape, Tensor};
 use rayon::prelude::*;
 
 /// Applies the softmax function to the input tensor, rescaling the element so that elements on
@@ -180,11 +180,10 @@ impl candle::CustomOp1 for SoftmaxLastDim {
                     block_dim: (1, 32, 1),
                     shared_mem_bytes: 0,
                 };
-                let src = &src.slice(layout.start_offset()..);
                 let func = dev.get_or_load_func(&kernel_name::<T>("softmax"), kernels::REDUCE)?;
                 // SAFETY: Set later by running the kernel.
                 let dst = unsafe { dev.alloc::<T>(el) }.w()?;
-                let params = (src, &dst, n_cols as i32);
+                let params = (&src, &dst, n_cols as i32);
                 // SAFETY: ffi.
                 unsafe { func.launch(cfg, params) }.w()?;
                 Ok(dst)
@@ -207,7 +206,7 @@ impl candle::CustomOp1 for SoftmaxLastDim {
         storage: &candle::MetalStorage,
         layout: &Layout,
     ) -> Result<(candle::MetalStorage, Shape)> {
-        use candle::{backend::BackendStorage, DType};
+        use candle::backend::BackendStorage;
         let device = storage.device();
         let command_buffer = device.command_buffer()?;
         let kernels = device.kernels();
@@ -248,6 +247,170 @@ pub fn softmax_last_dim(xs: &Tensor) -> Result<Tensor> {
     xs.apply_op1_no_bwd(&SoftmaxLastDim)
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+struct RmsNorm {
+    eps: f32,
+}
+
+impl candle::CustomOp2 for RmsNorm {
+    fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
+        "rms-norm"
+    }
+
+    fn cpu_fwd(
+        &self,
+        s1: &CpuStorage,
+        l1: &Layout,
+        s2: &CpuStorage,
+        l2: &Layout,
+    ) -> Result<(CpuStorage, Shape)> {
+        use candle::backend::BackendStorage;
+
+        let eps = self.eps;
+        fn inner<
+            T: candle::WithDType
+                + num_traits::Float
+                + num_traits::AsPrimitive<f32>
+                + num_traits::FromPrimitive,
+        >(
+            src: &[T],
+            layout: &Layout,
+            alpha: &[T],
+            alpha_layout: &Layout,
+            eps: f32,
+        ) -> Result<(CpuStorage, Shape)> {
+            let src = match layout.contiguous_offsets() {
+                None => candle::bail!("input has to be contiguous"),
+                Some((o1, o2)) => &src[o1..o2],
+            };
+            let alpha = match alpha_layout.contiguous_offsets() {
+                None => candle::bail!("alpha has to be contiguous"),
+                Some((o1, o2)) => &alpha[o1..o2],
+            };
+            let el_count = layout.shape().elem_count();
+            let dims = layout.shape().dims();
+            let dim_m1 = dims[dims.len() - 1];
+            let mut dst = vec![T::zero(); el_count];
+            src.par_chunks(dim_m1)
+                .zip(dst.par_chunks_mut(dim_m1))
+                .for_each(|(src, dst)| {
+                    let sum2 = src
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|&v| {
+                            let v = v.as_();
+                            v * v
+                        })
+                        .sum::<f32>();
+                    let m = (sum2 / dim_m1 as f32 + eps).sqrt();
+                    let m = T::from_f32(m).unwrap_or_else(T::nan);
+                    for ((d, s), alpha) in dst.iter_mut().zip(src.iter()).zip(alpha) {
+                        *d = *s / m * *alpha
+                    }
+                });
+            let storage = candle::WithDType::to_cpu_storage_owned(dst);
+            Ok((storage, Shape::from_dims(dims)))
+        }
+
+        use CpuStorage as C;
+        match (s1, s2) {
+            (C::BF16(s1), C::BF16(s2)) => inner::<half::bf16>(s1, l1, s2, l2, eps),
+            (C::F16(s1), C::F16(s2)) => inner::<half::f16>(s1, l1, s2, l2, eps),
+            (C::F32(s1), C::F32(s2)) => inner::<f32>(s1, l1, s2, l2, eps),
+            _ => candle::bail!("unsupported dtype for rmsnorm {:?}", s1.dtype()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(feature = "cuda")]
+    fn cuda_fwd(
+        &self,
+        s1: &candle::CudaStorage,
+        l1: &Layout,
+        s2: &candle::CudaStorage,
+        l2: &Layout,
+    ) -> Result<(candle::CudaStorage, Shape)> {
+        use candle::cuda_backend::cudarc::driver::{
+            CudaSlice, DeviceRepr, LaunchAsync, LaunchConfig,
+        };
+        use candle::cuda_backend::{kernel_name, kernels, Map2, WrapErr};
+        use candle::{CudaDevice, WithDType};
+
+        struct S {
+            eps: f32,
+        }
+        impl Map2 for S {
+            fn f<T: DeviceRepr + WithDType>(
+                &self,
+                src: &CudaSlice<T>,
+                layout: &Layout,
+                alpha: &CudaSlice<T>,
+                alpha_layout: &Layout,
+                dev: &CudaDevice,
+            ) -> Result<CudaSlice<T>> {
+                let src = match layout.contiguous_offsets() {
+                    None => candle::bail!("input has to be contiguous"),
+                    Some((o1, o2)) => src.slice(o1..o2),
+                };
+                let alpha = match alpha_layout.contiguous_offsets() {
+                    None => candle::bail!("alpha has to be contiguous"),
+                    Some((o1, o2)) => alpha.slice(o1..o2),
+                };
+                let el = layout.shape().elem_count();
+                let dims = layout.shape().dims();
+                let dim_m1 = dims[dims.len() - 1];
+                let (n_rows, n_cols) = (el / dim_m1, dim_m1);
+
+                let cfg = LaunchConfig {
+                    grid_dim: (n_rows as u32, 1, 1),
+                    block_dim: (1024, 1, 1),
+                    shared_mem_bytes: 0,
+                };
+                let func = dev.get_or_load_func(&kernel_name::<T>("rmsnorm"), kernels::REDUCE)?;
+                // SAFETY: Set later by running the kernel.
+                let dst = unsafe { dev.alloc::<T>(el) }.w()?;
+                let params = (&src, &dst, &alpha, n_cols as i32, self.eps);
+                // SAFETY: ffi.
+                unsafe { func.launch(cfg, params) }.w()?;
+                Ok(dst)
+            }
+        }
+
+        use candle::backend::BackendStorage;
+        let dev = s1.device();
+        let slice = S { eps: self.eps }.map(&s1.slice, l1, &s2.slice, l2, dev)?;
+        let dst = candle::cuda_backend::CudaStorage {
+            slice,
+            device: dev.clone(),
+        };
+        Ok((dst, l1.shape().clone()))
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn rms_norm_slow(x: &Tensor, alpha: &Tensor, eps: f32) -> Result<Tensor> {
+    let x_dtype = x.dtype();
+    let internal_dtype = match x_dtype {
+        DType::F16 | DType::BF16 => DType::F32,
+        d => d,
+    };
+    let hidden_size = x.dim(candle::D::Minus1)?;
+    let x = x.to_dtype(internal_dtype)?;
+    let norm_x = (x.sqr()?.sum_keepdim(candle::D::Minus1)? / hidden_size as f64)?;
+    let x_normed = x.broadcast_div(&(norm_x + eps as f64)?.sqrt()?)?;
+    x_normed.to_dtype(x_dtype)?.broadcast_mul(alpha)
+}
+
+pub fn rms_norm(xs: &Tensor, alpha: &Tensor, eps: f32) -> Result<Tensor> {
+    let hidden_size_xs = xs.dim(candle::D::Minus1)?;
+    let hidden_size_alpha = alpha.dims1()?;
+    if hidden_size_xs != hidden_size_alpha {
+        candle::bail!(
+            "shape mismatch in rms-norm {:?} {:?}",
+            xs.shape(),
+            alpha.shape()
+        )
+    }
+    xs.apply_op2_no_bwd(alpha, &RmsNorm { eps })
+}
+
 // https://pytorch.org/docs/stable/generated/torch.nn.PixelShuffle.html
 pub fn pixel_shuffle(xs: &Tensor, upscale_factor: usize) -> Result<Tensor> {
     let (b_size, c, h, w) = xs.dims4()?;

candle-nn/tests/ops.rs

@@ -4,11 +4,9 @@ extern crate intel_mkl_src;
 #[cfg(feature = "accelerate")]
 extern crate accelerate_src;
 
-use candle::{test_utils::to_vec3_round, Device, Result, Tensor};
+use candle::{test_device, test_utils::to_vec3_round, Device, Result, Tensor};
 
-#[test]
-fn softmax() -> Result<()> {
-    let device = &Device::Cpu;
+fn softmax(device: &Device) -> Result<()> {
     let data = &[[[3f32, 1., 4.], [1., 5., 9.]], [[2., 1., 7.], [8., 2., 8.]]];
     let tensor = Tensor::new(data, device)?;
     let t0 = candle_nn::ops::softmax(&tensor.log()?, 0)?;
@@ -54,6 +52,31 @@ fn softmax() -> Result<()> {
     Ok(())
 }
 
+fn rms_norm(device: &Device) -> Result<()> {
+    let data = &[[[3f32, 1., 4.], [1., 5., 9.]], [[2., 1., 7.], [8., 2., 8.]]];
+    let tensor = Tensor::new(data, device)?;
+    let alpha = Tensor::new(&[1f32, 2f32, 3f32], device)?;
+    let t = candle_nn::ops::rms_norm(&tensor, &alpha, 1e-5)?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        to_vec3_round(&t, 4)?,
+        &[
+            [[1.019, 0.6794, 4.0762], [0.1674, 1.6744, 4.521]],
+            [[0.4714, 0.4714, 4.9497], [1.206, 0.603, 3.6181]]
+        ]
+    );
+    let t2 = candle_nn::ops::rms_norm_slow(&tensor, &alpha, 1e-5)?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        to_vec3_round(&t2, 4)?,
+        &[
+            [[1.019, 0.6794, 4.0762], [0.1674, 1.6744, 4.521]],
+            [[0.4714, 0.4714, 4.9497], [1.206, 0.603, 3.6181]]
+        ]
+    );
+    let diff = (t - t2)?.abs()?.sum_all()?.to_vec0::<f32>()?;
+    assert!(diff < 1e-5);
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn softmax_numerical_stability() -> Result<()> {
     let dev = &Device::Cpu;
@@ -62,3 +85,6 @@ fn softmax_numerical_stability() -> Result<()> {
     assert_eq!(softmax.to_vec1::<f32>()?, &[1f32, 0.]);
     Ok(())
 }
+
+test_device!(softmax, softmax_cpu, softmax_gpu, softmax_metal);
+test_device!(rms_norm, rms_norm_cpu, rms_norm_gpu, rms_norm_metal);