Tmp.

Cargo.toml

@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ tracing-subscriber = "0.3.7"
 wav = "1.0.0"
 yoke = { version = "0.7.2", features = ["derive"] }
 zip = { version = "0.6.6", default-features = false }
-metal = { version = "0.27.0", features = ["mps"], package = "candle-metal" }
+metal = { version = "0.27.1", features = ["mps"], package="candle-metal" }
 
 [profile.release-with-debug]
 inherits = "release"

candle-core/src/metal_backend.rs

@@ -4,7 +4,9 @@ use crate::op::{BinaryOpT, CmpOp, ReduceOp, UnaryOpT};
 use crate::{CpuStorage, DType, Layout, Result, Shape};
 use candle_metal_kernels;
 use candle_metal_kernels::Kernels;
+use half::f16;
 use metal;
+use metal::mps::matrix::{Matrix, MatrixDescriptor, MatrixMultiplication};
 use metal::{Buffer, CommandBuffer, CommandQueue, MTLResourceOptions, NSUInteger};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::path::Path;
@@ -36,9 +38,7 @@ impl From<String> for MetalError {
 pub struct MetalDevice {
     device: metal::Device,
     command_queue: metal::CommandQueue,
-    command_buffers: Arc<RwLock<Vec<metal::CommandBuffer>>>,
+    command_buffer: Arc<RwLock<metal::CommandBuffer>>,
-    command_buffer_index: Arc<RwLock<usize>>,
-    fence: metal::Fence,
     kernels: Arc<candle_metal_kernels::Kernels>,
     buffers: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<(NSUInteger, MTLResourceOptions), Vec<Arc<Buffer>>>>>,
 }
@@ -70,34 +70,38 @@ impl MetalDevice {
         &self.command_queue
     }
 
-    pub fn command_buffer(&self) -> CommandBuffer {
+    pub fn command_buffer(&self) -> std::sync::RwLockReadGuard<CommandBuffer> {
-        let mut command_buffers = self.command_buffers.try_write().unwrap();
+        self.command_buffer.try_read().unwrap()
-        let mut command_buffer = command_buffers[0].to_owned();
-        let mut index = self.command_buffer_index.try_write().unwrap();
-        if *index > 20 {
-            command_buffer.commit();
-            command_buffer = self.command_queue.new_command_buffer().to_owned();
-            *command_buffers = vec![command_buffer.clone()];
-            *index = 0;
-        }
-        *index += 1;
-        command_buffer
     }
 
-    pub fn wait_until_completed(&self) {
+    pub fn commit(&self) {
-        let mut command_buffers = self.command_buffers.try_write().unwrap();
+        let mut old = self.command_buffer.try_write().unwrap();
-        let command_buffer = &command_buffers[0];
+        match old.status() {
-        match command_buffer.status() {
+            metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::NotEnqueued
-            metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::Committed
+            | metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::Enqueued => {
-            | metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::Scheduled
+                old.commit();
-            | metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::Completed => {
+                let command_buffer = self.command_queue.new_command_buffer().to_owned();
-                panic!("Already committed");
+                *old = command_buffer;
             }
             _ => {}
         }
-        command_buffer.commit();
+    }
-        command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
+
-        *command_buffers = vec![self.command_queue.new_command_buffer().to_owned()];
+    pub fn wait_until_completed(&self) {
+        let mut old = self.command_buffer.try_write().unwrap();
+        match old.status() {
+            metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::NotEnqueued
+            | metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::Enqueued => {
+                old.commit();
+                old.wait_until_completed();
+            }
+            metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::Committed | metal::MTLCommandBufferStatus::Scheduled => {
+                old.wait_until_completed();
+            }
+            _ => {}
+        }
+        let command_buffer = self.command_queue.new_command_buffer().to_owned();
+        *old = command_buffer;
     }
 
     pub fn kernels(&self) -> &Kernels {
@@ -108,17 +112,12 @@ impl MetalDevice {
         &self.device
     }
 
-    pub fn new_buffer(&self, element_count: usize, dtype: DType, name: &str) -> Arc<Buffer> {
+    pub fn new_buffer(&self, element_count: usize, dtype: DType) -> Arc<Buffer> {
         let size = (element_count * dtype.size_in_bytes()) as NSUInteger;
-        self._new_buffer(size, MTLResourceOptions::StorageModePrivate, name)
+        self._new_buffer(size, MTLResourceOptions::StorageModePrivate)
     }
 
-    fn _new_buffer(
+    fn _new_buffer(&self, size: NSUInteger, option: MTLResourceOptions) -> Arc<Buffer> {
-        &self,
-        size: NSUInteger,
-        option: MTLResourceOptions,
-        _name: &str,
-    ) -> Arc<Buffer> {
         let mut buffers = self.buffers.try_write().unwrap();
         let subbuffers = buffers.entry((size, option)).or_insert(vec![]);
 
@@ -130,20 +129,11 @@ impl MetalDevice {
         let new_buffer = self.device.new_buffer(size as NSUInteger, option);
         let new_buffer = Arc::new(new_buffer);
         subbuffers.push(new_buffer.clone());
-        for subbuffers in buffers.values_mut() {
-            let newbuffers = subbuffers
-                .iter()
-                .filter(|s| Arc::strong_count(s) > 1)
-                .map(|s| Arc::clone(s))
-                .collect();
-            *subbuffers = newbuffers;
-        }
-
         new_buffer
     }
 
     pub fn new_buffer_managed(&self, size: NSUInteger) -> Arc<Buffer> {
-        self._new_buffer(size, MTLResourceOptions::StorageModeManaged, "managed")
+        self._new_buffer(size, MTLResourceOptions::StorageModeManaged)
     }
 
     pub fn new_buffer_with_data<T>(&self, data: &[T]) -> Arc<Buffer> {
@@ -153,20 +143,13 @@ impl MetalDevice {
             size,
             metal::MTLResourceOptions::StorageModeManaged,
         );
-        let real = self._new_buffer(
+        let real = self._new_buffer(size, metal::MTLResourceOptions::StorageModePrivate);
-            size,
+        {
-            metal::MTLResourceOptions::StorageModePrivate,
+            let command = self.command_buffer();
-            "with_data",
+            let blit = command.new_blit_command_encoder();
-        );
+            blit.copy_from_buffer(&tmp, 0, &real, 0, tmp.length());
-        let command_buffer = self.command_buffer();
+            blit.end_encoding();
-        command_buffer.set_label("with_data");
+        }
-        let blit = command_buffer.new_blit_command_encoder();
-        blit.wait_for_fence(&self.fence);
-        blit.set_label("with_data_blit");
-        blit.copy_from_buffer(&tmp, 0, &real, 0, tmp.length());
-        blit.update_fence(&self.fence);
-        blit.end_encoding();
-
         // This is necessary, for mmaped safetensors
         // Because of the unsafe slice cast we're doing.
         // The slice might not live long enough for metal
@@ -178,6 +161,25 @@ impl MetalDevice {
         real
     }
 
+    pub fn new_matrix(
+        &self,
+        (b, m, n): (NSUInteger, NSUInteger, NSUInteger),
+        size: NSUInteger,
+        type_id: u32,
+        dtype: DType,
+    ) -> Result<(Matrix, Arc<Buffer>)> {
+        let elem_count = (b * m * n) as usize;
+        let out_buffer = self.new_buffer(elem_count, dtype);
+
+        let result_descriptor =
+            MatrixDescriptor::init_multiple(m, n, b, n * size, m * n * size, type_id);
+        let result_matrix = Matrix::init_with_buffer_descriptor(&out_buffer, 0, &result_descriptor)
+            .ok_or_else(|| {
+                MetalError::from("Failed to create matrix multiplication kernel".to_string())
+            })?;
+        Ok((result_matrix, out_buffer))
+    }
+
     pub fn capture<P: AsRef<Path>>(&self, path: P) -> Result<()> {
         let capture = metal::CaptureManager::shared();
         let descriptor = metal::CaptureDescriptor::new();
@@ -195,6 +197,22 @@ impl MetalDevice {
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct MetalStorage {
     buffer: Arc<metal::Buffer>,
+    matrices: Arc<
+        RwLock<
+            HashMap<
+                (
+                    NSUInteger,
+                    NSUInteger,
+                    NSUInteger,
+                    bool,
+                    NSUInteger,
+                    NSUInteger,
+                    u32,
+                ),
+                Matrix,
+            >,
+        >,
+    >,
     device: MetalDevice,
     dtype: DType,
 }
@@ -223,27 +241,23 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
                 self.dtype
             );
         }
+
         let buffer = self.device.new_buffer_managed(self.buffer.length());
-        {
+        let command_buffer = self.device.command_buffer();
-            let command_buffer = self.device.command_buffer();
+        let blit = command_buffer.new_blit_command_encoder();
-            command_buffer.set_label("to_cpu");
+        blit.copy_from_buffer(&self.buffer, 0, &buffer, 0, self.buffer.length());
-            let blit = command_buffer.new_blit_command_encoder();
+        blit.end_encoding();
-            blit.set_label("blit_to_cpu");
+        drop(command_buffer);
-            blit.wait_for_fence(&self.device.fence);
-            blit.copy_from_buffer(&self.buffer, 0, &buffer, 0, self.buffer.length());
-            blit.update_fence(&self.device.fence);
-            blit.end_encoding();
-        }
         self.device.wait_until_completed();
 
         match self.dtype {
-            DType::U8 => Ok(CpuStorage::U8(read_to_vec(&buffer, length / size))),
+            DType::U8 => Ok(CpuStorage::U8(buffer.read_to_vec(length / size))),
-            DType::U32 => Ok(CpuStorage::U32(read_to_vec(&buffer, length / size))),
+            DType::U32 => Ok(CpuStorage::U32(buffer.read_to_vec(length / size))),
-            DType::I64 => Ok(CpuStorage::I64(read_to_vec(&buffer, length / size))),
+            DType::I64 => Ok(CpuStorage::I64(buffer.read_to_vec(length / size))),
-            DType::F16 => Ok(CpuStorage::F16(read_to_vec(&buffer, length / size))),
+            DType::F16 => Ok(CpuStorage::F16(buffer.read_to_vec(length / size))),
-            DType::BF16 => Ok(CpuStorage::BF16(read_to_vec(&buffer, length / size))),
+            DType::BF16 => Ok(CpuStorage::BF16(buffer.read_to_vec(length / size))),
-            DType::F32 => Ok(CpuStorage::F32(read_to_vec(&buffer, length / size))),
+            DType::F32 => Ok(CpuStorage::F32(buffer.read_to_vec(length / size))),
-            DType::F64 => Ok(CpuStorage::F64(read_to_vec(&buffer, length / size))),
+            DType::F64 => Ok(CpuStorage::F64(buffer.read_to_vec(length / size))),
         }
     }
 
@@ -254,7 +268,7 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         let el = shape.elem_count();
         let dtype = self.dtype;
 
-        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el, self.dtype, "affine");
+        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el, self.dtype);
         let command_buffer = self.device.command_buffer();
         if layout.is_contiguous() && layout.start_offset() == 0 {
             let name = match self.dtype {
@@ -298,102 +312,12 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         Ok(Self::new(buffer, device.clone(), dtype))
     }
 
-    fn powf(&self, layout: &Layout, pow: f64) -> Result<Self> {
+    fn powf(&self, _: &Layout, _: f64) -> Result<Self> {
-        let device = self.device().clone();
+        crate::bail!("powf metal")
-
-        let shape = layout.shape();
-        let el = shape.elem_count();
-        let dtype = self.dtype;
-
-        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el, self.dtype, "powf");
-        let command_buffer = self.device.command_buffer();
-        if layout.is_contiguous() && layout.start_offset() == 0 {
-            let name = match self.dtype {
-                DType::F32 => "powf_float",
-                DType::F16 => "powf_half",
-                dtype => crate::bail!("Powf {dtype:?}"),
-            };
-            candle_metal_kernels::call_powf(
-                &device.device,
-                &command_buffer,
-                &device.kernels,
-                name,
-                el,
-                &self.buffer,
-                &buffer,
-                pow as f32,
-            )
-            .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
-        } else {
-            let name = match self.dtype {
-                DType::F32 => "powf_float_strided",
-                DType::F16 => "powf_half_strided",
-                dtype => crate::bail!("Powf {dtype:?}"),
-            };
-            candle_metal_kernels::call_powf_strided(
-                &device.device,
-                &command_buffer,
-                &device.kernels,
-                name,
-                layout.dims(),
-                &self.buffer,
-                layout.stride(),
-                layout.start_offset() * dtype.size_in_bytes(),
-                &buffer,
-                pow as f32,
-            )
-            .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
-        }
-        Ok(Self::new(buffer, device.clone(), dtype))
     }
 
-    fn elu(&self, layout: &Layout, alpha: f64) -> Result<Self> {
+    fn elu(&self, _: &Layout, _: f64) -> Result<Self> {
-        let device = self.device().clone();
+        crate::bail!("elu metal")
-
-        let shape = layout.shape();
-        let el = shape.elem_count();
-        let dtype = self.dtype;
-
-        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el, self.dtype, "elu");
-        let command_buffer = self.device.command_buffer();
-        if layout.is_contiguous() && layout.start_offset() == 0 {
-            let name = match self.dtype {
-                DType::F32 => "elu_float",
-                DType::F16 => "elu_half",
-                dtype => crate::bail!("Powf {dtype:?}"),
-            };
-            candle_metal_kernels::call_elu(
-                &device.device,
-                &command_buffer,
-                &device.kernels,
-                name,
-                el,
-                &self.buffer,
-                &buffer,
-                alpha as f32,
-            )
-            .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
-        } else {
-            let name = match self.dtype {
-                DType::F32 => "elu_float_strided",
-                DType::F16 => "elu_half_strided",
-                dtype => crate::bail!("Powf {dtype:?}"),
-            };
-            candle_metal_kernels::call_elu_strided(
-                &device.device,
-                &command_buffer,
-                &device.kernels,
-                name,
-                layout.dims(),
-                &self.buffer,
-                layout.stride(),
-                layout.start_offset() * dtype.size_in_bytes(),
-                &buffer,
-                alpha as f32,
-            )
-            .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
-        }
-        Ok(Self::new(buffer, device.clone(), dtype))
     }
 
     fn reduce_op(&self, op: ReduceOp, layout: &Layout, sum_dims: &[usize]) -> Result<Self> {
@@ -441,7 +365,7 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         if dtype == DType::U32 {
             crate::bail!("Implement return index reduce op");
         }
-        let buffer = device.new_buffer(dst_el, dtype, "reduce");
+        let buffer = device.new_buffer(dst_el, dtype);
         let command_buffer = self.device.command_buffer();
         candle_metal_kernels::call_reduce_contiguous(
             &device.device,
@@ -467,9 +391,9 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         let device = self.device();
         let shape = layout.shape();
         let el_count = shape.elem_count();
-        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el_count, dtype, "todtype");
+        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el_count, dtype);
         let command_buffer = device.command_buffer();
-        if layout.is_contiguous() && layout.start_offset() == 0 {
+        if layout.is_contiguous() {
             let kernel_name = match (self.dtype, dtype) {
                 (DType::U32, DType::F32) => "cast_u32_f32",
                 (DType::U32, DType::U8) => "cast_u32_u8",
@@ -511,7 +435,7 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
             )
             .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
         }
-        command_buffer.set_label("to_dtype");
+
         Ok(Self::new(buffer, device.clone(), dtype))
     }
 
@@ -520,9 +444,8 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         let dtype = self.dtype;
         let shape = layout.shape();
         let el_count = shape.elem_count();
-        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el_count, dtype, B::KERNEL);
+        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el_count, dtype);
         let command_buffer = device.command_buffer();
-        command_buffer.set_label(B::KERNEL);
         if layout.is_contiguous() && layout.start_offset() == 0 {
             use candle_metal_kernels::unary::contiguous;
 
@@ -540,7 +463,6 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
                 ("uceil", DType::F32) => contiguous::ceil::FLOAT,
                 ("ufloor", DType::F32) => contiguous::floor::FLOAT,
                 ("uround", DType::F32) => contiguous::round::FLOAT,
-                ("utanh", DType::F32) => contiguous::tanh::FLOAT,
                 ("ucos", DType::F16) => contiguous::cos::HALF,
                 ("usin", DType::F16) => contiguous::sin::HALF,
                 ("usqr", DType::F16) => contiguous::sqr::HALF,
@@ -554,7 +476,6 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
                 ("uceil", DType::F16) => contiguous::ceil::HALF,
                 ("ufloor", DType::F16) => contiguous::floor::HALF,
                 ("uround", DType::F16) => contiguous::round::HALF,
-                ("utanh", DType::F16) => contiguous::tanh::HALF,
                 (name, dtype) => crate::bail!("Match {name} - {dtype:?}"),
             };
             candle_metal_kernels::call_unary_contiguous(
@@ -612,6 +533,9 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
             )
             .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
         }
+        command_buffer.set_label("unary");
+        drop(command_buffer);
+        self.device.commit();
         Ok(Self::new(buffer, device.clone(), dtype))
     }
 
@@ -625,23 +549,30 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         let dtype = self.dtype;
         let shape = lhs_l.shape();
         let el_count = shape.elem_count();
-        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el_count, dtype, B::KERNEL);
+        let buffer = device.new_buffer(el_count, dtype);
         let command_buffer = device.command_buffer();
         if (lhs_l.is_contiguous() && lhs_l.start_offset() == 0)
             && (rhs_l.is_contiguous() && rhs_l.start_offset() == 0)
-            && &B::KERNEL[..1] != "b"
         {
             use candle_metal_kernels::binary::contiguous;
 
             let kernel_name = match (B::KERNEL, dtype) {
                 ("add", DType::F32) => contiguous::add::FLOAT,
+                ("badd", DType::F32) => contiguous::add::FLOAT,
                 ("sub", DType::F32) => contiguous::sub::FLOAT,
+                ("bsub", DType::F32) => contiguous::sub::FLOAT,
                 ("mul", DType::F32) => contiguous::mul::FLOAT,
+                ("bmul", DType::F32) => contiguous::mul::FLOAT,
                 ("div", DType::F32) => contiguous::div::FLOAT,
+                ("bdiv", DType::F32) => contiguous::div::FLOAT,
                 ("add", DType::F16) => contiguous::add::HALF,
+                ("badd", DType::F16) => contiguous::add::HALF,
                 ("sub", DType::F16) => contiguous::sub::HALF,
+                ("bsub", DType::F16) => contiguous::sub::HALF,
                 ("mul", DType::F16) => contiguous::mul::HALF,
+                ("bmul", DType::F16) => contiguous::mul::HALF,
                 ("div", DType::F16) => contiguous::div::HALF,
+                ("bdiv", DType::F16) => contiguous::div::HALF,
                 (name, dtype) => crate::bail!("Match {name} - {dtype:?}"),
             };
             candle_metal_kernels::call_binary_contiguous(
@@ -686,6 +617,8 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
             .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
         }
         command_buffer.set_label("binary");
+        drop(command_buffer);
+        self.device.commit();
         Ok(Self::new(buffer, device.clone(), dtype))
     }
 
@@ -702,7 +635,7 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         let dims = shape.dims();
         let el = shape.elem_count();
         let dtype = t.dtype;
-        let buffer = self.device.new_buffer(el, dtype, "where");
+        let buffer = self.device.new_buffer(el, dtype);
         let command_buffer = self.device.command_buffer();
         if t.dtype() != f.dtype() {
             crate::bail!("Invalid ternary different dtypes for values");
@@ -819,7 +752,7 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         let dst_el = ids_el * left_size * right_size;
         let dtype = self.dtype;
         let device = self.device();
-        let buffer = device.new_buffer(dst_el, dtype, "index_select");
+        let buffer = device.new_buffer(dst_el, dtype);
         let name = match (ids.dtype, self.dtype) {
             (DType::U32, DType::F32) => "is_u32_f32",
             (DType::U32, DType::F16) => "is_u32_f16",
@@ -853,6 +786,7 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
     ) -> Result<Self> {
         crate::bail!("index_add metal")
     }
+
     fn matmul(
         &self,
         rhs: &Self,
@@ -860,33 +794,104 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         lhs_l: &Layout,
         rhs_l: &Layout,
     ) -> Result<Self> {
-        let buffer = self.device.new_buffer(b * m * n, self.dtype, "matmul");
+        // Create descriptors
-        let name = match self.dtype {
+
-            DType::F32 => "sgemm",
+        let (type_id, size) = match self.dtype {
-            DType::F16 => "hgemm",
+            DType::F32 => (
-            dtype => {
+                metal::mps::MPS_FLOATBIT_ENCODING | 32,
-                return Err(MetalError::Message(format!("matmul doesn't support {dtype:?}")).into())
+                core::mem::size_of::<f32>() as NSUInteger,
-            }
+            ),
+            DType::F16 => (
+                metal::mps::MPS_FLOATBIT_ENCODING | 16,
+                core::mem::size_of::<f16>() as NSUInteger,
+            ),
+            dtype => todo!("Dtype for matmul {dtype:?} is not supported"),
         };
 
+        let lhs_stride = lhs_l.stride();
+        let rhs_stride = rhs_l.stride();
+        let rhs_m1 = rhs_stride[rhs_stride.len() - 1];
+        let rhs_m2 = rhs_stride[rhs_stride.len() - 2];
+        let lhs_m1 = lhs_stride[lhs_stride.len() - 1];
+        let lhs_m2 = lhs_stride[lhs_stride.len() - 2];
+        // The a tensor has dims batching, k, n (rhs)
+        let transpose_left = if lhs_m1 == 1 && lhs_m2 == k {
+            false
+        } else if lhs_m1 == m && lhs_m2 == 1 {
+            true
+        } else {
+            Err(MetalError::MatMulNonContiguous {
+                lhs_stride: lhs_stride.to_vec(),
+                rhs_stride: rhs_stride.to_vec(),
+                mnk: (m, n, k),
+            })?
+        };
+        let transpose_right = if rhs_m1 == 1 && rhs_m2 == n {
+            false
+        } else if rhs_m1 == k && rhs_m2 == 1 {
+            true
+        } else {
+            Err(MetalError::MatMulNonContiguous {
+                lhs_stride: lhs_stride.to_vec(),
+                rhs_stride: rhs_stride.to_vec(),
+                mnk: (m, n, k),
+            })?
+        };
+        let b = b as NSUInteger;
+        let m = m as NSUInteger;
+        let n = n as NSUInteger;
+        let k = k as NSUInteger;
+
+        let left_matrix = self.matrix(
+            (b, m, k),
+            transpose_left,
+            size,
+            lhs_l.start_offset() as NSUInteger * size,
+            type_id,
+        )?;
+        let right_matrix = rhs.matrix(
+            (b, k, n),
+            transpose_right,
+            size,
+            rhs_l.start_offset() as NSUInteger * size,
+            type_id,
+        )?;
+        let (result_matrix, out_buffer) =
+            self.device
+                .new_matrix((b, m, n), size, type_id, self.dtype)?;
+
         let command_buffer = self.device.command_buffer();
-        command_buffer.set_label("matmul");
+
-        candle_metal_kernels::call_gemm(
+        let alpha = 1.0f64;
-            &self.device.device,
+        let beta = 0.0f64;
-            &command_buffer,
+        // Create kernel
-            &self.device.kernels,
+        let matrix_multiplication = MatrixMultiplication::init(
-            name,
+            &self.device,
-            (b, m, n, k),
+            transpose_left,
-            &lhs_l.stride(),
+            transpose_right,
-            lhs_l.start_offset() * self.dtype.size_in_bytes(),
+            m,
-            &self.buffer,
+            n,
-            &rhs_l.stride(),
+            k,
-            rhs_l.start_offset() * rhs.dtype.size_in_bytes(),
+            alpha,
-            &rhs.buffer,
+            beta,
-            &buffer,
         )
-        .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
+        .ok_or_else(|| {
-        Ok(Self::new(buffer, self.device.clone(), self.dtype()))
+            MetalError::from("Failed to create matrix multiplication kernel".to_string())
+        })?;
+
+        // Encode kernel to command buffer
+        matrix_multiplication.encode_to_command_buffer(
+            &command_buffer,
+            &left_matrix,
+            &right_matrix,
+            &result_matrix,
+        );
+        command_buffer.set_label("matmul");
+        drop(command_buffer);
+        self.device.commit();
+        self.device.wait_until_completed();
+
+        Ok(Self::new(out_buffer, self.device.clone(), self.dtype()))
     }
 
     fn copy_strided_src(&self, dst: &mut Self, dst_offset: usize, src_l: &Layout) -> Result<()> {
@@ -894,11 +899,15 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
         if src_l.is_contiguous() && self.dtype == dst.dtype() {
             command_buffer.set_label("copy_contiguous");
             let blit = command_buffer.new_blit_command_encoder();
-            blit.set_label("copy_contiguous");
             let src_offset = (src_l.start_offset() * self.dtype.size_in_bytes()) as NSUInteger;
-            let length = (src_l.shape().elem_count() * self.dtype.size_in_bytes()) as NSUInteger;
             let dst_offset = (dst_offset * dst.dtype().size_in_bytes()) as NSUInteger;
-            blit.copy_from_buffer(&self.buffer, src_offset, dst.buffer(), dst_offset, length);
+            blit.copy_from_buffer(
+                &self.buffer,
+                src_offset,
+                dst.buffer(),
+                dst_offset,
+                self.buffer.length() - src_offset,
+            );
             blit.end_encoding();
         } else {
             let src_shape = src_l.shape();
@@ -929,22 +938,54 @@ impl BackendStorage for MetalStorage {
             .map_err(MetalError::from)?;
             command_buffer.set_label("copy_strided");
         }
+        drop(command_buffer);
+        self.device.commit();
         Ok(())
     }
 }
 
 impl MetalStorage {
     pub fn new(buffer: Arc<Buffer>, device: MetalDevice, dtype: DType) -> Self {
+        let matrices = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new()));
         Self {
             buffer,
             device,
             dtype,
+            matrices,
         }
     }
 
     pub fn buffer(&self) -> &Buffer {
         &self.buffer
     }
+
+    fn matrix(
+        &self,
+        (b, m, n): (NSUInteger, NSUInteger, NSUInteger),
+        transpose: bool,
+        size: NSUInteger,
+        offset: NSUInteger,
+        type_id: u32,
+    ) -> Result<Matrix> {
+        let key = (b, m, n, transpose, size, offset, type_id);
+
+        let mut matrices = self.matrices.try_write().unwrap();
+        if let Some(matrix) = matrices.get(&key) {
+            Ok(matrix.clone())
+        } else {
+            let descriptor = if transpose {
+                MatrixDescriptor::init_multiple(n, m, b, m * size, m * n * size, type_id)
+            } else {
+                MatrixDescriptor::init_multiple(m, n, b, n * size, m * n * size, type_id)
+            };
+            let matrix = Matrix::init_with_buffer_descriptor(&self.buffer, offset, &descriptor)
+                .ok_or_else(|| {
+                    MetalError::from("Failed to create matrix multiplication kernel".to_string())
+                })?;
+            matrices.insert(key, matrix.clone());
+            Ok(matrix)
+        }
+    }
 }
 
 impl BackendDevice for MetalDevice {
@@ -953,28 +994,14 @@ impl BackendDevice for MetalDevice {
     fn new(ordinal: usize) -> Result<Self> {
         let device = metal::Device::all().swap_remove(ordinal);
 
-        let n = 1;
         let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
-
+        let command_buffer = Arc::new(RwLock::new(command_queue.new_command_buffer().to_owned()));
-        let command_buffers = (0..n)
+        let kernels = Arc::new(Kernels::new());
-            .map(|i| {
-                let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer().to_owned();
-                command_buffer.enqueue();
-                command_buffer.set_label(&format!("num {i}"));
-                command_buffer
-            })
-            .collect();
-        let command_buffers = Arc::new(RwLock::new(command_buffers));
-        let command_buffer_index = Arc::new(RwLock::new(0));
-        let fence = device.new_fence();
-        let kernels = Arc::new(Kernels::new(fence.clone()));
         let buffers = Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new()));
         Ok(Self {
             device,
-            fence,
             command_queue,
-            command_buffers,
+            command_buffer,
-            command_buffer_index,
             buffers,
             kernels,
         })
@@ -995,21 +1022,7 @@ impl BackendDevice for MetalDevice {
     }
 
     fn zeros_impl(&self, shape: &Shape, dtype: DType) -> Result<MetalStorage> {
-        let buffer = self.new_buffer(shape.elem_count(), dtype, "zeros");
+        let buffer = self.new_buffer(shape.elem_count(), dtype);
-        let command_buffer = self.command_buffer();
-        command_buffer.set_label("zeros");
-        let blit = command_buffer.new_blit_command_encoder();
-        blit.wait_for_fence(&self.fence);
-        blit.fill_buffer(
-            &buffer,
-            metal::NSRange {
-                location: 0,
-                length: buffer.length(),
-            },
-            0,
-        );
-        blit.update_fence(&self.fence);
-        blit.end_encoding();
         Ok(MetalStorage::new(buffer, self.clone(), dtype))
     }
 
@@ -1060,10 +1073,3 @@ impl BackendDevice for MetalDevice {
         self.storage_from_cpu_storage(&cpu_storage)
     }
 }
-
-fn read_to_vec<T: Clone>(buffer: &Buffer, n: usize) -> Vec<T> {
-    let ptr = buffer.contents() as *const T;
-    assert!(!ptr.is_null());
-    let slice = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, n) };
-    slice.to_vec()
-}

candle-core/src/tensor.rs

@@ -1864,7 +1864,7 @@ impl Tensor {
                 }
                 (Storage::Cuda(storage), Device::Cpu) => Storage::Cpu(storage.to_cpu_storage()?),
                 (Storage::Metal(storage), Device::Cpu) => {
-                    // println!("{storage:?} - {:?}", storage.to_cpu_storage()?);
+                    println!("{storage:?} - {:?}", storage.to_cpu_storage()?);
                     Storage::Cpu(storage.to_cpu_storage()?)
                 }
                 (Storage::Cuda(storage), Device::Cuda(cuda)) => {

candle-core/tests/tensor_tests.rs

@@ -900,9 +900,7 @@ fn matmul(device: &Device) -> Result<()> {
     let b = Tensor::from_slice(&data, (2, 2), device)?;
 
     let c = a.matmul(&b)?;
-    let d = a.matmul(&c)?;
     assert_eq!(c.to_vec2::<f32>()?, &[[7.0f32, 10.0], [15.0, 22.0]]);
-    assert_eq!(d.to_vec2::<f32>()?, &[[37.0, 54.0], [81.0, 118.0]]);
 
     let data = vec![1.0f32, 2.0];
     let a = Tensor::from_slice(&data, (2, 1), device)?;

candle-metal-kernels/Cargo.toml

@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ categories = ["science"]
 license = "MIT OR Apache-2.0"
 
 [dependencies]
-metal = { version = "0.27.0", features = ["mps"], package="candle-metal" }
+metal = { version = "0.27.1", features = ["mps"], package="candle-metal" }
 once_cell = "1.18.0"
 thiserror = "1"
 tracing = "0.1.37"

candle-metal-kernels/src/affine.metal

@@ -29,7 +29,9 @@ kernel void FN_NAME( \
     if (id >= dim) { \
         return; \
     } \
-    output[id] = TYPENAME(float(input[id]) * mul + add); \
+    const TYPENAME m = TYPENAME(mul); \
+    const TYPENAME a = TYPENAME(add); \
+    output[id] = input[id] * m + a; \
 } \
 kernel void FN_NAME##_strided( \
     constant size_t &dim, \
@@ -45,80 +47,15 @@ kernel void FN_NAME##_strided( \
     if (id >= dim) { \
         return; \
     } \
-    output[id] = TYPENAME(float(input[get_strided_index(id, num_dims, dims, strides)]) * mul + add); \
+    const TYPENAME m = TYPENAME(mul); \
-}
+    const TYPENAME a = TYPENAME(add); \
-
+    output[id] = input[get_strided_index(id, num_dims, dims, strides)] * m + a; \
-#define POWF(FN_NAME, TYPENAME) \
-kernel void FN_NAME( \
-    constant size_t &dim, \
-    constant float &mul, \
-    device const TYPENAME *input,  \
-    device TYPENAME *output, \
-    uint id [[ thread_position_in_grid ]] \
-) { \
-    if (id >= dim) { \
-        return; \
-    } \
-    output[id] = TYPENAME(pow(input[id], TYPENAME(mul))); \
 } \
-kernel void FN_NAME##_strided( \
-    constant size_t &dim, \
-    constant size_t &num_dims, \
-    constant size_t *dims, \
-    constant size_t *strides, \
-    constant float &mul, \
-    device const TYPENAME *input,  \
-    device TYPENAME *output, \
-    uint id [[ thread_position_in_grid ]] \
-) { \
-    if (id >= dim) { \
-        return; \
-    } \
-    output[id] = TYPENAME(pow(input[get_strided_index(id, num_dims, dims, strides)], TYPENAME(mul))); \
-}
-
-#define ELU(FN_NAME, TYPENAME) \
-kernel void FN_NAME( \
-    constant size_t &dim, \
-    constant float &mul, \
-    device const TYPENAME *input,  \
-    device TYPENAME *output, \
-    uint id [[ thread_position_in_grid ]] \
-) { \
-    if (id >= dim) { \
-        return; \
-    } \
-    const TYPENAME x = input[id]; \
-    output[id] = TYPENAME((x > 0)?x: mul * exp(x - 1)); \
-} \
-kernel void FN_NAME##_strided( \
-    constant size_t &dim, \
-    constant size_t &num_dims, \
-    constant size_t *dims, \
-    constant size_t *strides, \
-    constant float &mul, \
-    device const TYPENAME *input,  \
-    device TYPENAME *output, \
-    uint id [[ thread_position_in_grid ]] \
-) { \
-    if (id >= dim) { \
-        return; \
-    } \
-    const TYPENAME x = input[get_strided_index(id, num_dims, dims, strides)]; \
-    output[id] = TYPENAME((x > 0)?x: mul * exp(x - 1)); \
-} \
-
 
 AFFINE(affine_float, float)
 AFFINE(affine_half, half)
-POWF(powf_float, float)
-POWF(powf_half, half)
-ELU(elu_float, float)
-ELU(elu_half, half)
 
 
 #if __METAL_VERSION__ >= 310
 AFFINE(affine_bfloat, bfloat);
-POWF(powf_bfloat, bfloat);
-ELU(elu_bfloat, bfloat);
 #endif

candle-metal-kernels/src/lib.rs

@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
 use metal::{
     Buffer, CommandBufferRef, CompileOptions, ComputeCommandEncoderRef, ComputePipelineState,
-    Device, Function, FunctionConstantValues, Library, MTLDataType, MTLSize, NSUInteger,
+    Device, Function, Library, MTLSize,
 };
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use std::ffi::c_void;
 use std::sync::RwLock;
-use metal::mps::matrix::{Matrix, MatrixDescriptor, MatrixMultiplication};
 
 const AFFINE: &str = include_str!("affine.metal");
 const INDEXING: &str = include_str!("indexing.metal");
@@ -14,7 +13,6 @@ const BINARY: &str = include_str!("binary.metal");
 const TERNARY: &str = include_str!("ternary.metal");
 const CAST: &str = include_str!("cast.metal");
 const REDUCE: &str = include_str!("reduce.metal");
-const MFA: &[u8] = include_bytes!("libMetalFlashAttention.metallib");
 
 fn linear_split(pipeline: &ComputePipelineState, length: usize) -> (MTLSize, MTLSize) {
     let size = length as u64;
@@ -107,7 +105,6 @@ pub enum Source {
     Ternary,
     Cast,
     Reduce,
-    Mfa,
 }
 
 macro_rules! ops{
@@ -156,7 +153,7 @@ macro_rules! ops{
 }
 
 pub mod unary {
-    ops!(cos, sin, exp, sqr, sqrt, neg, log, gelu, ceil, floor, round, erf, gelu_erf, tanh);
+    ops!(cos, sin, exp, sqr, sqrt, neg, log, gelu, ceil, floor, round, erf, gelu_erf);
 }
 pub mod binary {
     ops!(add, sub, mul, div);
@@ -174,12 +171,6 @@ pub enum MetalKernelError {
     FailedToCreateComputeFunction,
     #[error("Failed to create pipeline")]
     FailedToCreatePipeline(String),
-    #[error("Invalid matmul arguments {lhs_stride:?} {rhs_stride:?} {mnk:?}")]
-    MatMulNonContiguous {
-        lhs_stride: Vec<usize>,
-        rhs_stride: Vec<usize>,
-        mnk: (usize, usize, usize),
-    },
 }
 
 impl<T> From<std::sync::PoisonError<T>> for MetalKernelError {
@@ -188,24 +179,23 @@ impl<T> From<std::sync::PoisonError<T>> for MetalKernelError {
     }
 }
 
+type KernelMap<T> = HashMap<&'static str, T>;
 type Libraries = HashMap<Source, Library>;
-type Pipelines = HashMap<(&'static str, Option<ConstantValues>), ComputePipelineState>;
+type Pipelines = KernelMap<ComputePipelineState>;
 
-#[derive(Debug)]
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
 pub struct Kernels {
     libraries: RwLock<Libraries>,
     pipelines: RwLock<Pipelines>,
-    fence: metal::Fence,
 }
 
 impl Kernels {
-    pub fn new(fence: metal::Fence) -> Self {
+    pub fn new() -> Self {
         let libraries = RwLock::new(Libraries::new());
         let pipelines = RwLock::new(Pipelines::new());
         Self {
             libraries,
             pipelines,
-            fence,
         }
     }
 
@@ -218,9 +208,9 @@ impl Kernels {
             Source::Indexing => INDEXING,
             Source::Cast => CAST,
             Source::Reduce => REDUCE,
-            Source::Mfa => panic!("Invalid lib"),
         }
     }
+
     pub fn load_library(
         &self,
         device: &Device,
@@ -230,20 +220,10 @@ impl Kernels {
         if let Some(lib) = libraries.get(&source) {
             Ok(lib.clone())
         } else {
-            let lib = match source {
+            let source_content = self.get_library_source(source);
-                Source::Mfa => {
+            let lib = device
-                    let source_data = MFA;
+                .new_library_with_source(source_content, &CompileOptions::new())
-                    device
+                .map_err(|e| MetalKernelError::LoadLibraryError(e.to_string()))?;
-                        .new_library_with_data(source_data)
-                        .map_err(|e| MetalKernelError::LoadLibraryError(e.to_string()))?
-                }
-                source => {
-                    let source_content = self.get_library_source(source);
-                    device
-                        .new_library_with_source(source_content, &CompileOptions::new())
-                        .map_err(|e| MetalKernelError::LoadLibraryError(e.to_string()))?
-                }
-            };
             libraries.insert(source, lib.clone());
             Ok(lib)
         }
@@ -254,41 +234,19 @@ impl Kernels {
         device: &Device,
         source: Source,
         name: &'static str,
-        constants: Option<FunctionConstantValues>,
     ) -> Result<Function, MetalKernelError> {
         let func = self
             .load_library(device, source)?
-            .get_function(name, constants)
+            .get_function(name, None)
             .map_err(|e| MetalKernelError::LoadFunctionError(e.to_string()))?;
         Ok(func)
-    }
+        // let mut funcs = self.funcs.write()?;
-
+        // if let Some(func) = funcs.get(name) {
-    fn load_pipeline_with_constants(
+        //     Ok(func.clone())
-        &self,
+        // } else {
-        device: &Device,
+        //     funcs.insert(name, func.clone());
-        source: Source,
+        //     Ok(func)
-        name: &'static str,
+        // }
-        constants: Option<ConstantValues>,
-    ) -> Result<ComputePipelineState, MetalKernelError> {
-        let mut pipelines = self.pipelines.write()?;
-        let key = (name, constants);
-        if let Some(pipeline) = pipelines.get(&key) {
-            Ok(pipeline.clone())
-        } else {
-            let (name, constants) = key;
-            let func = self.load_function(
-                device,
-                source,
-                name,
-                constants.as_ref().map(|c| c.function_constant_values()),
-            )?;
-            let pipeline = device
-                .new_compute_pipeline_state_with_function(&func)
-                .map_err(|e| MetalKernelError::FailedToCreatePipeline(e.to_string()))?;
-            pipelines.insert((name, constants), pipeline.clone());
-
-            Ok(pipeline)
-        }
     }
 
     pub fn load_pipeline(
@@ -297,7 +255,18 @@ impl Kernels {
         source: Source,
         name: &'static str,
     ) -> Result<ComputePipelineState, MetalKernelError> {
-        self.load_pipeline_with_constants(device, source, name, None)
+        let mut pipelines = self.pipelines.write()?;
+        if let Some(pipeline) = pipelines.get(name) {
+            Ok(pipeline.clone())
+        } else {
+            let func = self.load_function(device, source, name)?;
+            let pipeline = device
+                .new_compute_pipeline_state_with_function(&func)
+                .map_err(|e| MetalKernelError::FailedToCreatePipeline(e.to_string()))?;
+            pipelines.insert(name, pipeline.clone());
+
+            Ok(pipeline)
+        }
     }
 }
 
@@ -313,16 +282,12 @@ pub fn call_unary_contiguous(
 ) -> Result<(), MetalKernelError> {
     let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Unary, kernel_name.0)?;
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     set_params!(encoder, (length, input, output));
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, length);
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -344,7 +309,6 @@ pub fn call_unary_strided(
 
     let num_dims: usize = shape.len();
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     let length: usize = shape.iter().product();
@@ -363,10 +327,7 @@ pub fn call_unary_strided(
     let width: usize = shape.iter().product();
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, width);
 
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -385,18 +346,13 @@ pub fn call_binary_contiguous(
     let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Binary, kernel_name.0)?;
 
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     set_params!(encoder, (length, left, right, output));
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, length);
 
-    encoder.use_resource(left, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(right, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -421,7 +377,6 @@ pub fn call_binary_strided(
     let num_dims: usize = shape.len();
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
     let width: usize = shape.iter().product();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     let length: usize = shape.iter().product();
@@ -442,11 +397,7 @@ pub fn call_binary_strided(
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, width);
 
-    encoder.use_resource(left_input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(right_input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -465,16 +416,12 @@ pub fn call_cast_contiguous(
     let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Cast, kernel_name)?;
 
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     set_params!(encoder, (length, (input, input_offset), output));
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, length);
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -494,7 +441,6 @@ pub fn call_cast_strided(
     let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Cast, kernel_name)?;
 
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     let length: usize = shape.iter().product();
@@ -513,10 +459,7 @@ pub fn call_cast_strided(
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, length);
 
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -536,7 +479,6 @@ pub fn call_reduce_contiguous(
     let elements_to_sum = length / out_length;
 
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     set_params!(
@@ -562,10 +504,7 @@ pub fn call_reduce_contiguous(
         depth: 1,
     };
 
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -583,7 +522,6 @@ pub fn call_last_softmax(
 ) -> Result<(), MetalKernelError> {
     let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Reduce, kernel_name)?;
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     set_params!(encoder, (length, elements_to_sum, input, output));
@@ -608,10 +546,7 @@ pub fn call_last_softmax(
         depth: 1,
     };
 
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -631,16 +566,12 @@ pub fn call_affine(
     let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Affine, name)?;
 
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     set_params!(encoder, (size, mul, add, input, output));
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, size);
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -663,7 +594,6 @@ pub fn call_affine_strided(
     let size: usize = shape.iter().product();
 
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     set_params!(
@@ -681,150 +611,7 @@ pub fn call_affine_strided(
     );
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, size);
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    encoder.end_encoding();
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-pub fn call_powf(
-    device: &Device,
-    command_buffer: &CommandBufferRef,
-    kernels: &Kernels,
-    name: &'static str,
-    size: usize,
-    input: &Buffer,
-    output: &Buffer,
-    mul: f32,
-) -> Result<(), MetalKernelError> {
-    let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Affine, name)?;
-
-    let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
-
-    set_params!(encoder, (size, mul, input, output));
-
-    let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, size);
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
-    encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    encoder.end_encoding();
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-pub fn call_powf_strided(
-    device: &Device,
-    command_buffer: &CommandBufferRef,
-    kernels: &Kernels,
-    name: &'static str,
-    shape: &[usize],
-    input: &Buffer,
-    input_stride: &[usize],
-    input_offset: usize,
-    output: &Buffer,
-    mul: f32,
-) -> Result<(), MetalKernelError> {
-    let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Affine, name)?;
-    let size: usize = shape.iter().product();
-
-    let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
-
-    set_params!(
-        encoder,
-        (
-            size,
-            shape.len(),
-            shape,
-            input_stride,
-            mul,
-            (input, input_offset),
-            output
-        )
-    );
-
-    let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, size);
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
-    encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    encoder.end_encoding();
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-pub fn call_elu(
-    device: &Device,
-    command_buffer: &CommandBufferRef,
-    kernels: &Kernels,
-    name: &'static str,
-    size: usize,
-    input: &Buffer,
-    output: &Buffer,
-    mul: f32,
-) -> Result<(), MetalKernelError> {
-    let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Affine, name)?;
-
-    let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
-
-    set_params!(encoder, (size, mul, input, output));
-
-    let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, size);
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
-    encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    encoder.end_encoding();
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-pub fn call_elu_strided(
-    device: &Device,
-    command_buffer: &CommandBufferRef,
-    kernels: &Kernels,
-    name: &'static str,
-    shape: &[usize],
-    input: &Buffer,
-    input_stride: &[usize],
-    input_offset: usize,
-    output: &Buffer,
-    mul: f32,
-) -> Result<(), MetalKernelError> {
-    let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Affine, name)?;
-    let size: usize = shape.iter().product();
-
-    let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
-
-    set_params!(
-        encoder,
-        (
-            size,
-            shape.len(),
-            shape,
-            input_stride,
-            mul,
-            (input, input_offset),
-            output
-        )
-    );
-
-    let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, size);
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
-    encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -846,7 +633,6 @@ pub fn call_where_cond_strided(
     let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline(device, Source::Ternary, name)?;
 
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     let size: usize = shape.iter().product();
@@ -870,12 +656,7 @@ pub fn call_where_cond_strided(
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, size);
 
-    encoder.use_resource(cond, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(left, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(right, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
@@ -902,7 +683,6 @@ pub fn call_index_select(
 
     let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
 
-    encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
 
     set_params!(
@@ -921,341 +701,10 @@ pub fn call_index_select(
 
     let (thread_group_count, thread_group_size) = linear_split(&pipeline, dst_el);
 
-    encoder.use_resource(input, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(ids, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
     encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(thread_group_count, thread_group_size);
-    encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
     encoder.end_encoding();
     Ok(())
 }
 
-#[derive(Debug, PartialEq)]
-pub enum Value {
-    USize(usize),
-    Bool(bool),
-    F32(f32),
-    U16(u16),
-}
-
-impl std::hash::Hash for Value {
-    fn hash<H: std::hash::Hasher>(&self, state: &mut H) {
-        match self {
-            Value::F32(v) => v.to_bits().hash(state),
-            Value::USize(v) => v.hash(state),
-            Value::U16(v) => v.hash(state),
-            Value::Bool(v) => v.hash(state),
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-impl Value {
-    fn data_type(&self) -> MTLDataType {
-        match self {
-            Value::USize(_) => MTLDataType::UInt,
-            Value::F32(_) => MTLDataType::Float,
-            Value::U16(_) => MTLDataType::UShort,
-            Value::Bool(_) => MTLDataType::Bool,
-        }
-    }
-}
-
-/// Not true, good enough for our purposes.
-impl Eq for Value {}
-
-#[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq, Hash)]
-struct ConstantValues(Vec<(usize, Value)>);
-
-impl ConstantValues {
-    pub fn new(values: Vec<(usize, Value)>) -> Self {
-        Self(values)
-    }
-
-    fn function_constant_values(&self) -> FunctionConstantValues {
-        let f = FunctionConstantValues::new();
-        for (index, value) in &self.0 {
-            let ty = value.data_type();
-            match value {
-                Value::USize(v) => {
-                    f.set_constant_value_at_index(
-                        v as *const usize as *const c_void,
-                        ty,
-                        *index as u64,
-                    );
-                }
-                Value::F32(v) => {
-                    f.set_constant_value_at_index(
-                        v as *const f32 as *const c_void,
-                        ty,
-                        *index as u64,
-                    );
-                }
-                Value::U16(v) => {
-                    f.set_constant_value_at_index(
-                        v as *const u16 as *const c_void,
-                        ty,
-                        *index as u64,
-                    );
-                }
-                Value::Bool(v) => {
-                    f.set_constant_value_at_index(
-                        v as *const bool as *const c_void,
-                        ty,
-                        *index as u64,
-                    );
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        f
-    }
-}
-
-#[allow(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
-pub fn call_gemm(
-    device: &Device,
-    command_buffer: &CommandBufferRef,
-    kernels: &Kernels,
-    name: &'static str,
-    (b, m, n, k): (usize, usize, usize, usize),
-    lhs_stride: &[usize],
-    lhs_offset: usize,
-    lhs_buffer: &Buffer,
-    rhs_stride: &[usize],
-    rhs_offset: usize,
-    rhs_buffer: &Buffer,
-    output: &Buffer,
-) -> Result<(), MetalKernelError> {
-    assert!(rhs_stride.len() >= 2);
-    assert!(lhs_stride.len() >= 2);
-    let rhs_m1 = rhs_stride[rhs_stride.len() - 1];
-    let rhs_m2 = rhs_stride[rhs_stride.len() - 2];
-    let lhs_m1 = lhs_stride[lhs_stride.len() - 1];
-    let lhs_m2 = lhs_stride[lhs_stride.len() - 2];
-    let a_trans = if lhs_m1 == 1 && lhs_m2 == k {
-        false
-    } else if lhs_m1 == m && lhs_m2 == 1 {
-        true
-    } else {
-        return Err(MetalKernelError::MatMulNonContiguous {
-            lhs_stride: lhs_stride.to_vec(),
-            rhs_stride: rhs_stride.to_vec(),
-            mnk: (m, n, k),
-        })?;
-    };
-    let b_trans = if rhs_m1 == 1 && rhs_m2 == n {
-        false
-    } else if rhs_m1 == k && rhs_m2 == 1 {
-        true
-    } else {
-        return Err(MetalKernelError::MatMulNonContiguous {
-            lhs_stride: lhs_stride.to_vec(),
-            rhs_stride: rhs_stride.to_vec(),
-            mnk: (m, n, k),
-        })?;
-    };
-    // let d_trans = false;
-    // let alpha = 1.0f32;
-    // let beta = 0.0f32;
-    // let batched = b > 1;
-    // let fused_activation = false;
-    // let fused_bias = false;
-    // let m_simd = 16;
-    // let n_simd = 16;
-    // let k_simd = 16;
-    // let m_splits = 2;
-    // let n_splits = 2;
-    // let constants = Some(ConstantValues::new(vec![
-    //     (0, Value::USize(m)),
-    //     (1, Value::USize(n)),
-    //     (2, Value::USize(k)),
-    //     (10, Value::Bool(a_trans)),
-    //     (11, Value::Bool(b_trans)),
-    //     (13, Value::Bool(d_trans)),
-    //     (20, Value::F32(alpha)),
-    //     (21, Value::F32(beta)),
-    //     (100, Value::Bool(batched)),
-    //     (101, Value::Bool(fused_activation)),
-    //     // Garbage
-    //     (102, Value::Bool(false)),
-    //     (103, Value::Bool(false)),
-    //     (113, Value::Bool(false)),
-    //     (50_000, Value::Bool(false)),
-    //     // End garbage
-    //     (200, Value::U16(m_simd)),
-    //     (201, Value::U16(n_simd)),
-    //     (202, Value::U16(k_simd)),
-    //     (210, Value::U16(m_splits)),
-    //     (211, Value::U16(n_splits)),
-    //     (50_001, Value::Bool(fused_bias)),
-    // ]));
-    // let pipeline = kernels.load_pipeline_with_constants(device, Source::Mfa, name, constants)?;
-    // let m_group = m_simd * m_splits;
-    // let n_group = n_simd * n_splits;
-    //
-    // let a_block_length = m_group * k_simd;
-    // let b_block_length = k_simd * n_group;
-    //
-    // let mut block_elements = a_block_length + b_block_length;
-    // if (m % 8 != 0) && (n % 8 != 0) {
-    //     let c_block_length = m_group * n_group;
-    //     block_elements = std::cmp::max(c_block_length, block_elements)
-    // }
-    // if fused_bias {
-    //     if d_trans {
-    //         block_elements = std::cmp::max(block_elements, m_group);
-    //     } else {
-    //         block_elements = std::cmp::max(block_elements, n_group);
-    //     }
-    // }
-    // let bytes = match name {
-    //     "sgemm" => 4,
-    //     "hgemm" => 2,
-    //     other => {
-    //         return Err(MetalKernelError::LoadLibraryError(format!(
-    //             "{other} is not a valid kernel for gemm"
-    //         )));
-    //     }
-    // };
-    // let block_bytes = block_elements * bytes;
-    //
-    // let encoder = command_buffer.new_compute_command_encoder();
-    // encoder.wait_for_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    // encoder.set_compute_pipeline_state(&pipeline);
-    // encoder.set_threadgroup_memory_length(0, block_bytes.into());
-    // encoder.set_buffer(0, Some(lhs_buffer), lhs_offset as NSUInteger);
-    // encoder.set_buffer(1, Some(rhs_buffer), rhs_offset as NSUInteger);
-    // encoder.set_buffer(2, Some(output), 0);
-    // // TODO Tensor D
-    //
-    // let grid_z = b;
-    // if batched {
-    //     let byte_stride_a: usize = lhs_stride[lhs_stride.len() - 3] * bytes as usize;
-    //     let byte_stride_b: usize = rhs_stride[rhs_stride.len() - 3] * bytes as usize;
-    //     let byte_stride_c = m * n * bytes as usize;
-    //     // TODO byte_stride_d
-    //     let byte_stride_d = 0;
-    //
-    //     let mut buffer: Vec<u64> = Vec::with_capacity(b * 4);
-    //     for i in 0..b {
-    //         buffer.push((i * byte_stride_a) as u64);
-    //         buffer.push((i * byte_stride_b) as u64);
-    //         buffer.push((i * byte_stride_c) as u64);
-    //         buffer.push((i * byte_stride_d) as u64);
-    //     }
-    //     encoder.set_bytes(
-    //         10,
-    //         (buffer.len() * core::mem::size_of::<u64>()) as NSUInteger,
-    //         buffer.as_ptr() as *const NSUInteger as *const c_void,
-    //     );
-    // }
-    //
-    // let grid_size = MTLSize {
-    //     width: divide(n, n_group.into()),
-    //     height: divide(m, m_group.into()),
-    //     depth: grid_z as NSUInteger,
-    // };
-    // let group_size = MTLSize {
-    //     width: 32 * (m_splits as u64) * (n_splits as u64),
-    //     height: 1,
-    //     depth: 1,
-    // };
-    // // println!("grid size {grid_size:?} group size {group_size:?}");
-    // encoder.use_resource(lhs_buffer, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    // encoder.use_resource(rhs_buffer, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Read);
-    // encoder.use_resource(output, metal::MTLResourceUsage::Write);
-    // encoder.dispatch_thread_groups(grid_size, group_size);
-    // encoder.update_fence(&kernels.fence);
-    // encoder.end_encoding();
-
-    let (b, m, n, k) = (
-        b as NSUInteger,
-        m as NSUInteger,
-        n as NSUInteger,
-        k as NSUInteger,
-    );
-
-    let (size, data_type) = if name == "sgemm" { (4, 0x10000000 | 32) } else { (2, 0x10000000 | 16) };
-
-    let left_matrix = create_matrix(
-        lhs_buffer,
-        (b, m, k),
-        a_trans,
-        size,
-        lhs_offset as NSUInteger,
-        data_type,
-    ).unwrap();
-
-    let right_matrix = create_matrix(
-        rhs_buffer,
-        (b, k, n),
-        b_trans,
-        size,
-        rhs_offset as NSUInteger,
-        data_type,
-    ).unwrap();
-
-    let result_matrix = create_matrix(
-        output,
-        (b, m, n),
-        false,
-        size,
-        0,
-        data_type,
-    ).unwrap();
-
-    // Create kernel
-    let matrix_multiplication = MatrixMultiplication::init(
-        &device,
-        a_trans,
-        b_trans,
-        m,
-        n,
-        k,
-        1.0,
-        0.0,
-    ).unwrap();
-
-    matrix_multiplication.encode_to_command_buffer(
-        command_buffer,
-        &left_matrix,
-        &right_matrix,
-        &result_matrix,
-    );
-
-    Ok(())
-}
-
-fn create_matrix(
-    buffer: &Buffer,
-    (b, rows, columns): (NSUInteger, NSUInteger, NSUInteger),
-    transpose: bool,
-    size: NSUInteger,
-    offset: NSUInteger,
-    data_type: u32,
-) -> Option<Matrix> {
-    let (rows, columns) = if transpose {
-        (columns, rows)
-    } else {
-        (rows, columns)
-    };
-    let descriptor = if b == 1 {
-        MatrixDescriptor::init_single(rows, columns, columns * size, data_type)
-    } else {
-        MatrixDescriptor::init_multiple(
-            rows,
-            columns,
-            b,
-            columns * size,
-            rows * columns * size,
-            data_type,
-        )
-    };
-    return Matrix::init_with_buffer_descriptor(&buffer, offset * size, &descriptor);
-}
-
-fn divide(m: usize, b: usize) -> NSUInteger {
-    ((m + b - 1) / b) as NSUInteger
-}
-
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests;

candle-metal-kernels/src/reduce.metal

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ METAL_FUNC uint get_strided_index(
     return strided_i;
 }
 
-constant int THREADGROUP_SIZE = 2048;
+constant int THREADGROUP_SIZE = 1024;
 
 # define REDUCE(FN, NAME, T) \
 kernel void NAME( \
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ kernel void NAME( \
     uint block_dim [[ threads_per_threadgroup ]] \
 ) { \
      \
-   threadgroup T shared_memory[THREADGROUP_SIZE]; \
+   threadgroup float shared_memory[THREADGROUP_SIZE]; \
       \
    shared_memory[tid] = 0; \
    /* \
@@ -93,13 +93,12 @@ kernel void NAME(
     size_t stop_idx = min(start_idx + el_to_sum_per_block, src_numel);            \
     size_t idx = start_idx + tid;                                                 \
                                                                                   \
+    threadgroup_barrier(mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);                              \
                                                                                   \
-    float tmp = -INFINITY; \
     while (idx < stop_idx) {                                                      \
-        tmp = MAX(tmp, float(src[idx]));                   \
+        shared_memory[tid] = MAX(shared_memory[tid], src[idx]);                   \
         idx += block_dim;                                                         \
     }                                                                             \
-    shared_memory[tid] = tmp; \
                                                                                   \
     threadgroup_barrier(mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);                              \
                                                                                   \
@@ -107,34 +106,29 @@ kernel void NAME(
         if (tid < s) {                                                            \
             shared_memory[tid] = MAX(shared_memory[tid], shared_memory[tid + s]); \
         }                                                                         \
-        threadgroup_barrier(mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);                              \
     }                                                                             \
                                                                                   \
-    /* wait for shared_memory[0] to be filled */ \
     threadgroup_barrier(mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);                              \
                                                                                   \
     float _max = shared_memory[0];                                                    \
                                                                                   \
-    /* prevent tid=0 from overwriting _max before other threads have written it */ \
-    threadgroup_barrier(mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);                              \
     shared_memory[tid] = 0;                                                       \
                                                                                   \
     idx = start_idx + tid;                                                        \
     while (idx < stop_idx) {                                                      \
-        const float val = exp(float(src[idx]) - _max);                                    \
+        const T val = T(exp(src[idx] - _max));                                    \
-        dst[idx] = T(val);                                                           \
+        dst[idx] = val;                                                           \
         shared_memory[tid] += val;                                                \
         idx += block_dim;                                                         \
     }                                                                             \
-    threadgroup_barrier(mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);                              \
     for (uint s = block_dim / 2; s > 0; s >>= 1) {                                \
         if (tid < s) {                                                            \
             shared_memory[tid] += shared_memory[tid + s];                         \
         }                                                                         \
-        threadgroup_barrier(mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);                              \
+        threadgroup_barrier(mem_flags::mem_threadgroup);                          \
     }                                                                             \
                                                                                   \
-    const T inv_acc = T(1.0/shared_memory[0]);                                         \
+    const T inv_acc = T(1/shared_memory[0]);                                         \
     idx = start_idx + tid;                                                        \
     while (idx < stop_idx) {                                                      \
         dst[idx] *= inv_acc;                                                      \

candle-metal-kernels/src/test.swift

@@ -1,209 +0,0 @@
-
-import Metal
-import MetalPerformanceShadersGraph
-
-
-
-let type = MTLDataType.float;
-let dataType = type;
-var B = 2;
-var M = 2;
-var N = 2;
-var K = 2;
-var A_trans = false;
-var B_trans = false;
-var D_trans = false;
-var alpha = Float(1.0);
-var beta = Float(0.0);
-var batched = B > 1;
-var fused_activation = false;
-var fused_bias = false;
-let constants = MTLFunctionConstantValues()
-constants.setConstantValue(&M, type: .uint, index: 0)
-constants.setConstantValue(&N, type: .uint, index: 1)
-constants.setConstantValue(&K, type: .uint, index: 2)
-constants.setConstantValue(&A_trans, type: .bool, index: 10)
-constants.setConstantValue(&B_trans, type: .bool, index: 11)
-constants.setConstantValue(&D_trans, type: .bool, index: 13)
-constants.setConstantValue(&alpha, type: .float, index: 20)
-constants.setConstantValue(&beta, type: .float, index: 21)
-constants.setConstantValue(&batched, type: .bool, index: 100)
-constants.setConstantValue(&fused_activation, type: .bool, index: 101)
-constants.setConstantValue(&fused_bias, type: .bool, index: 50001)
-
-
-var M_simd = UInt16(16)
-var N_simd = UInt16(16)
-var K_simd = UInt16(32)
-var M_splits = UInt16(2)
-var N_splits = UInt16(2)
-constants.setConstantValue(&M_simd, type: .ushort, index: 200)
-constants.setConstantValue(&N_simd, type: .ushort, index: 201)
-constants.setConstantValue(&K_simd, type: .ushort, index: 202)
-constants.setConstantValue(&M_splits, type: .ushort, index: 210)
-constants.setConstantValue(&N_splits, type: .ushort, index: 211)
-
-let M_group = M_simd * M_splits
-let N_group = N_simd * N_splits
-
-// Satisfy Metal API validation.
-#if DEBUG
-do {
-  var garbage: SIMD4<UInt64> = .zero
-  constants.setConstantValue(&garbage, type: .bool, index: 102)
-  constants.setConstantValue(&garbage, type: .bool, index: 103)
-  constants.setConstantValue(&garbage, type: .bool, index: 113)
-  constants.setConstantValue(&garbage, type: .bool, index: 50000)
-}
-#endif
-
-let device = MTLCopyAllDevices().first!
-device.shouldMaximizeConcurrentCompilation = true
-
-var libraryURL = URL.init(string: "/Users/nicolas/src/candle/candle-metal-kernels/")!;
-libraryURL.append(component: "src")
-libraryURL.append(component: "libMetalFlashAttention.metallib")
-let library = try! device.makeLibrary(URL: libraryURL)
-
-var name: String
-    switch dataType {
-    case .half: name = "hgemm"
-    case .float: name = "sgemm"
-    default: fatalError()
-    }
-let function = try! library.makeFunction(
-  name: name, constantValues: constants)
-
-let A_block_length = M_group * K_simd
-let B_block_length = K_simd * N_group
-
-var blockElements = A_block_length + B_block_length;
-if (M % 8 != 0) && (N % 8 != 0) {
-  let C_block_length = M_group * N_group;
-  blockElements = max(C_block_length, blockElements)
-}
-if fused_bias {
-  if D_trans {
-    blockElements = max(blockElements, M_group)
-  } else {
-    blockElements = max(blockElements, N_group)
-  }
-}
-// let blockBytes = blockElements * UInt16(dataType.size)
-let elementSize = 4
-let blockBytes = blockElements * UInt16(elementSize)
-
-func ceilDivide(target: Int, granularity: UInt16) -> Int {
-  (target + Int(granularity) - 1) / Int(granularity)
-}
-var gridSize = MTLSize(
-  width: ceilDivide(target: N, granularity: N_group),
-  height: ceilDivide(target: M, granularity: M_group),
-  depth: 1)
-let groupSize = MTLSize(
-  width: Int(32 * M_splits * N_splits),
-  height: 1,
-  depth: 1)
-
-let commandQueue = device.makeCommandQueue()!
-
-let threadgroupMemoryLength = blockBytes;
-
-let rowsA = M;
-let columnsA = K;
-let rowsB = K;
-let columnsB = N;
-let rowsC = M;
-let columnsC = N;
-var arrayA = [Float](repeating: 0, count: B * rowsA * columnsA)
-
-var arrayB = [Float](repeating: 0, count: B * rowsB * columnsB)
-
-var arrayC = [Float](repeating: 0, count: B * rowsC * columnsC)
-var arrayD = [Float](repeating: 0, count: B * rowsC * columnsC)
-for i in 0..<arrayA.count {
-  arrayA[i] = Float(i)
-}
-
-for i in 0..<arrayB.count {
-  arrayB[i] = Float(i)
-}
-
-let bufferA = device.makeBuffer(bytes: arrayA, length: B * rowsA * columnsA * MemoryLayout<Float>.stride, options: [])!
-
-let bufferB = device.makeBuffer(bytes: arrayB, length: B * rowsB * columnsB * MemoryLayout<Float>.stride, options: [])!
-
-let bufferC = device.makeBuffer(length: B * rowsC * columnsC * MemoryLayout<Float>.stride, options: [])!
-let bufferD = device.makeBuffer(length: B * rowsC * columnsC * MemoryLayout<Float>.stride, options: [])!
-
-
-let pipeline = try device.makeComputePipelineState(function: function)
-
-func call(bufferA: MTLBuffer, bufferB: MTLBuffer, bufferC: MTLBuffer){ 
-    let encoder = commandBuffer.makeComputeCommandEncoder(dispatchType: MTLDispatchType.serial)!
-    encoder.setComputePipelineState(pipeline)
-    encoder.setThreadgroupMemoryLength(Int(threadgroupMemoryLength), index: 0)
-
-    encoder.setBuffer(bufferA, offset: 0, index: 0)
-    encoder.setBuffer(bufferB, offset: 0, index: 1)
-    encoder.setBuffer(bufferC, offset: 0, index: 2)
-    let gridZ: Int = B
-    if batched{
-      func byteStride(shape: [Int]) -> Int {
-        let rank = shape.count
-        var output = elementSize * shape[rank - 2] * shape[rank - 1]
-        if shape.dropLast(2).reduce(1, *) == 1 {
-          output = 0
-        }
-        return output
-      }
-      let byteStrideA = M*K*elementSize
-      let byteStrideB = N*K*elementSize
-      let byteStrideC = M*N*elementSize
-      
-      let byteStrideD = 0
-      withUnsafeTemporaryAllocation(
-        of: SIMD4<UInt64>.self, capacity: gridZ
-      ) { buffer in
-        for i in 0..<buffer.count {
-          buffer[i] = SIMD4(
-            UInt64(truncatingIfNeeded: i * byteStrideA),
-            UInt64(truncatingIfNeeded: i * byteStrideB),
-            UInt64(truncatingIfNeeded: i * byteStrideC),
-            UInt64(truncatingIfNeeded: i * byteStrideD))
-        }
-        
-        let bufferLength = buffer.count * MemoryLayout<SIMD4<UInt64>>.stride
-        assert(MemoryLayout<SIMD4<UInt64>>.stride == 8 * 4)
-        encoder.setBytes(buffer.baseAddress!, length: bufferLength, index: 10)
-      }
-    }
-    gridSize.depth = gridZ
-
-
-    encoder.dispatchThreadgroups(
-      gridSize, threadsPerThreadgroup: groupSize
-    )
-    encoder.endEncoding()
-}
-
-var commandBuffer = commandQueue.makeCommandBuffer()!
-call(bufferA:bufferA, bufferB:bufferB, bufferC:bufferC)
-commandBuffer.commit()
-commandBuffer = commandQueue.makeCommandBuffer()!
-commandBuffer.encodeWaitForEvent(event, value: 2)
-call(bufferA:bufferA, bufferB:bufferC, bufferC:bufferD)
-commandBuffer.commit()
-
-commandBuffer.waitUntilCompleted()
-var contents = bufferC.contents();
-var count = B * rowsA * columnsB;
-var typedPointer = contents.bindMemory(to: Float.self, capacity: count)
-var bufferedPointer = UnsafeBufferPointer(start: typedPointer, count: count)
-print("First matmul is OK", Array(bufferedPointer))
-
-contents = bufferD.contents();
-count = B * rowsA * columnsB;
-typedPointer = contents.bindMemory(to: Float.self, capacity: count)
-bufferedPointer = UnsafeBufferPointer(start: typedPointer, count: count)
-print("This should be filled", Array(bufferedPointer))

candle-metal-kernels/src/tests.rs

@@ -2,13 +2,6 @@ use super::*;
 use half::{bf16, f16};
 use metal::{CompileOptions, Device, MTLResourceOptions, MTLSize, NSUInteger};
 
-fn read_to_vec<T: Clone>(buffer: &Buffer, n: usize) -> Vec<T> {
-    let ptr = buffer.contents() as *const T;
-    assert!(!ptr.is_null());
-    let slice = unsafe { std::slice::from_raw_parts(ptr, n) };
-    slice.to_vec()
-}
-
 fn new_buffer<T>(device: &Device, data: &[T]) -> Buffer {
     let options = MTLResourceOptions::StorageModeManaged;
     let ptr = data.as_ptr() as *const core::ffi::c_void;
@@ -37,8 +30,7 @@ fn approx_bf16(v: Vec<bf16>, digits: i32) -> Vec<f32> {
 
 fn run<T: Clone>(v: &[T], name: unary::contiguous::Kernel) -> Vec<T> {
     let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
     let input = new_buffer(&device, v);
@@ -55,13 +47,12 @@ fn run<T: Clone>(v: &[T], name: unary::contiguous::Kernel) -> Vec<T> {
     .unwrap();
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
-    read_to_vec(&output, v.len())
+    output.read_to_vec::<T>(v.len())
 }
 
 fn run_binary<T: Clone>(x: &[T], y: &[T], name: binary::contiguous::Kernel) -> Vec<T> {
     let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
     let options = MTLResourceOptions::StorageModeManaged;
@@ -81,7 +72,7 @@ fn run_binary<T: Clone>(x: &[T], y: &[T], name: binary::contiguous::Kernel) -> V
     .unwrap();
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
-    read_to_vec(&output, x.len())
+    output.read_to_vec::<T>(x.len())
 }
 
 fn run_strided<T: Clone>(
@@ -96,8 +87,7 @@ fn run_strided<T: Clone>(
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
     let input = new_buffer(&device, v);
     let output = new_buffer(&device, v);
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     call_unary_strided(
         &device,
         command_buffer,
@@ -113,7 +103,7 @@ fn run_strided<T: Clone>(
     .unwrap();
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
-    read_to_vec(&output, v.len())
+    output.read_to_vec::<T>(v.len())
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -250,8 +240,7 @@ fn binary_add_f32() {
 
 fn cast<T: Clone, U: Clone>(v: &[T], name: &'static str) -> Vec<U> {
     let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
     let input = new_buffer(&device, v);
@@ -272,7 +261,7 @@ fn cast<T: Clone, U: Clone>(v: &[T], name: &'static str) -> Vec<U> {
     .unwrap();
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
-    read_to_vec(&output, v.len())
+    output.read_to_vec::<U>(v.len())
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -298,8 +287,7 @@ fn cast_u32_f32() {
 
 fn run_affine<T: Clone>(v: &[T], mul: f64, add: f64) -> Vec<T> {
     let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
 
@@ -323,7 +311,7 @@ fn run_affine<T: Clone>(v: &[T], mul: f64, add: f64) -> Vec<T> {
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
 
-    read_to_vec(&output, v.len())
+    output.read_to_vec::<T>(v.len())
 }
 
 fn run_affine_strided<T: Clone>(
@@ -334,8 +322,7 @@ fn run_affine_strided<T: Clone>(
     add: f64,
 ) -> Vec<T> {
     let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
 
@@ -360,7 +347,7 @@ fn run_affine_strided<T: Clone>(
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
 
     let len: usize = shape.iter().product();
-    read_to_vec(&output, len)
+    output.read_to_vec::<T>(len)
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -463,8 +450,7 @@ fn run_index_select<T: Clone, I: Clone + std::fmt::Debug>(
         _ => unimplemented!(),
     };
 
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     call_index_select(
         &device,
         &command_buffer,
@@ -482,7 +468,7 @@ fn run_index_select<T: Clone, I: Clone + std::fmt::Debug>(
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
 
-    read_to_vec(&dst_buffer, dst_el)
+    dst_buffer.read_to_vec::<T>(dst_el)
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -548,7 +534,7 @@ fn index_add() {
     let expected = vec![
         2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 8.0, 9.0, 10.0, 1.0, 1.0, 1.0, 5.0, 6.0, 7.0,
     ];
-    let result: Vec<f32> = read_to_vec(&outputs_buffer, right.len());
+    let result = outputs_buffer.read_to_vec::<f32>(right.len());
     assert_eq!(result, expected);
 }
 
@@ -566,8 +552,7 @@ fn cos_f16() {
 
 fn run_reduce<T: Clone>(v: &[T], out_length: usize, name: &'static str) -> Vec<T> {
     let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
     let input = new_buffer(&device, v);
@@ -589,13 +574,12 @@ fn run_reduce<T: Clone>(v: &[T], out_length: usize, name: &'static str) -> Vec<T
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
 
-    read_to_vec(&output, out_length)
+    output.read_to_vec::<T>(out_length)
 }
 
 fn run_softmax<T: Clone + std::fmt::Debug>(v: &[T], last_dim: usize, name: &'static str) -> Vec<T> {
     let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
     let input = new_buffer(&device, v);
@@ -614,7 +598,7 @@ fn run_softmax<T: Clone + std::fmt::Debug>(v: &[T], last_dim: usize, name: &'sta
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
 
-    read_to_vec(&output, v.len())
+    output.read_to_vec::<T>(v.len())
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -645,24 +629,6 @@ fn softmax() {
         vec![0.0043, 0.0116, 0.0315, 0.0858, 0.2331, 0.6337]
     );
 
-    let last_dim = 4096;
-    let n = 200;
-    let mut v = vec![0.0; n * last_dim];
-    for i in 0..n {
-        v[i * last_dim] = 20.0;
-    }
-    let results = run_softmax(&v, last_dim, "softmax_float");
-    let results = approx(results, 4);
-    println!("{results:?}");
-    assert_eq!(
-        results.iter().map(|&s| s.round() as usize).sum::<usize>(),
-        n
-    );
-    assert_eq!(results[0], 1.0);
-    assert_eq!(results[1], 0.0);
-    assert_eq!(results[last_dim], 1.0);
-    assert_eq!(results[2 * last_dim], 1.0);
-
     let v = vec![0.0f32, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0, 5.0];
     let last_dim = 6;
     let results = run_softmax(&v, last_dim, "softmax_float");
@@ -713,8 +679,7 @@ fn run_where_cond<I: Clone, T: Clone>(
     name: &'static str,
 ) -> Vec<T> {
     let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
+    let kernels = Kernels::new();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
     let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
     let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
     let options = MTLResourceOptions::StorageModeManaged;
@@ -755,7 +720,7 @@ fn run_where_cond<I: Clone, T: Clone>(
     command_buffer.commit();
     command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
 
-    read_to_vec(&output, length)
+    output.read_to_vec::<T>(length)
 }
 
 #[test]
@@ -779,93 +744,3 @@ fn where_cond() {
     );
     assert_eq!(approx(results, 4), vec![-1.0f32, 2.0, -3.0, -4.0, 5.0, 6.0]);
 }
-
-fn run_gemm<T: Clone>(
-    (b, m, n, k): (usize, usize, usize, usize),
-    lhs: &[T],
-    lhs_stride: Vec<usize>,
-    lhs_offset: usize,
-    rhs: &[T],
-    rhs_stride: Vec<usize>,
-    rhs_offset: usize,
-) -> Vec<T> {
-    let device = device();
-    let fence = device.new_fence();
-    let kernels = Kernels::new(fence);
-    let command_queue = device.new_command_queue();
-    let command_buffer = command_queue.new_command_buffer();
-    let options = MTLResourceOptions::StorageModeManaged;
-
-    let lhs = device.new_buffer_with_data(
-        lhs.as_ptr() as *const core::ffi::c_void,
-        std::mem::size_of_val(lhs) as u64,
-        options,
-    );
-    let rhs = device.new_buffer_with_data(
-        rhs.as_ptr() as *const core::ffi::c_void,
-        std::mem::size_of_val(rhs) as u64,
-        options,
-    );
-    let length = b * m * n;
-    let output = device.new_buffer((length * core::mem::size_of::<T>()) as u64, options);
-    call_gemm(
-        &device,
-        command_buffer,
-        &kernels,
-        "sgemm",
-        (b, m, n, k),
-        &lhs_stride,
-        lhs_offset,
-        &lhs,
-        &rhs_stride,
-        rhs_offset,
-        &rhs,
-        &output,
-    )
-    .unwrap();
-    command_buffer.commit();
-    command_buffer.wait_until_completed();
-
-    read_to_vec(&output, length)
-}
-
-#[test]
-fn gemm() {
-    let (b, m, n, k) = (1, 2, 4, 3);
-    let lhs_stride = vec![m * k, k, 1];
-    let lhs: Vec<f32> = (0..b * m * k).map(|f| f as f32).collect();
-    let rhs_stride = vec![n * k, n, 1];
-    let rhs: Vec<f32> = (0..b * n * k).map(|f| f as f32).collect();
-    let results = run_gemm((b, m, n, k), &lhs, lhs_stride, 0, &rhs, rhs_stride, 0);
-    assert_eq!(
-        approx(results, 4),
-        vec![20.0, 23.0, 26.0, 29.0, 56.0, 68.0, 80.0, 92.0]
-    );
-
-    let (b, m, n, k) = (2, 2, 4, 3);
-    let lhs_stride = vec![m * k, k, 1];
-    let lhs: Vec<f32> = (0..b * m * k).map(|f| f as f32).collect();
-    let rhs_stride = vec![n * k, n, 1];
-    let rhs: Vec<f32> = (0..b * n * k).map(|f| f as f32).collect();
-    let results = run_gemm((b, m, n, k), &lhs, lhs_stride, 0, &rhs, rhs_stride, 0);
-    assert_eq!(
-        approx(results, 4),
-        vec![
-            20.0, 23.0, 26.0, 29.0, 56.0, 68.0, 80.0, 92.0, 344.0, 365.0, 386.0, 407.0, 488.0,
-            518.0, 548.0, 578.0
-        ]
-    );
-
-    // OFFSET
-    let (b, m, n, k) = (2, 2, 4, 3);
-    let lhs_stride = vec![m * k, k, 1];
-    let lhs: Vec<f32> = (0..b * m * k).map(|f| f as f32).collect();
-    let rhs_stride = vec![n * k, n, 1];
-    let rhs: Vec<f32> = (0..b * n * k).map(|f| f as f32).collect();
-    // Manually set batch_size=1 and offset 12 elements * 4 the number of bytes for f32
-    let results = run_gemm((1, m, n, k), &lhs, lhs_stride, 0, &rhs, rhs_stride, 12 * 4);
-    assert_eq!(
-        approx(results, 4),
-        vec![56.0, 59.0, 62.0, 65.0, 200.0, 212.0, 224.0, 236.0]
-    );
-}

candle-metal-kernels/src/unary.metal

@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ kernel void FN_NAME( \
     if (thread_position_in_grid >= dim) { \
         return; \
     } \
-    output[thread_position_in_grid] = TYPENAME(FN(float(input[thread_position_in_grid]))); \
+    output[thread_position_in_grid] = TYPENAME(FN(input[thread_position_in_grid])); \
 }\
 kernel void FN_NAME_STRIDED( \
     constant size_t &dim, \
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ kernel void FN_NAME_STRIDED( \
     if (thread_position_in_grid >= dim) { \
         return; \
     } \
-    output[thread_position_in_grid] = TYPENAME(FN(float(input[get_strided_index(thread_position_in_grid, num_dims, dims, strides)]))); \
+    output[thread_position_in_grid] = TYPENAME(FN(input[get_strided_index(thread_position_in_grid, num_dims, dims, strides)])); \
 }
 
 #define UNARY_OP(NAME) \
@@ -107,7 +107,6 @@ UNARY_OP(floor)
 UNARY_OP(round)
 UNARY_OP(gelu_erf)
 UNARY_OP(erf)
-UNARY_OP(tanh)
 UNARY(id, float, copy_float, copy_float_strided)
 UNARY(id, half, copy_half, copy_half_strided)
 UNARY(id, uint8_t, copy_u8, copy_u8_strided)
@@ -127,7 +126,6 @@ BFLOAT_UNARY_OP(floor)
 BFLOAT_UNARY_OP(round)
 BFLOAT_UNARY_OP(gelu_erf)
 BFLOAT_UNARY_OP(erf)
-BFLOAT_UNARY_OP(tanh)
 
 UNARY(id, bfloat, copy_bfloat, copy_bfloat_strided)
 #endif

candle-nn/Cargo.toml

@@ -19,7 +19,6 @@ num-traits = { workspace = true }
 rayon = { workspace = true }
 safetensors = { workspace = true }
 serde = { workspace = true }
-metal = { workspace = true, optional = true }
 candle-metal-kernels = { path = "../candle-metal-kernels", version = "0.3.0", optional = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
@@ -31,4 +30,4 @@ default = []
 accelerate = ["dep:accelerate-src", "candle/accelerate"]
 cuda = ["candle/cuda"]
 mkl = ["dep:intel-mkl-src", "candle/mkl"]
-metal = ["candle/metal", "dep:candle-metal-kernels", "dep:metal"]
+metal = ["candle/metal", "dep:candle-metal-kernels"]

candle-nn/src/ops.rs

@@ -220,13 +220,13 @@ impl candle::CustomOp1 for SoftmaxLastDim {
         };
 
         let n = layout.stride().len();
-        if !(layout.is_contiguous() && layout.stride()[n - 1] == 1 && layout.start_offset() == 0) {
+        if !(layout.stride()[n - 1] == 1 && layout.start_offset() == 0) {
             candle::bail!("Non contiguous softmax-last-dim is not implemented");
         }
 
         let last_dim = layout.dims()[layout.shape().rank() - 1];
         let elem_count = layout.shape().elem_count();
-        let mut output = device.new_buffer(elem_count, storage.dtype(), "softmax");
+        let mut output = device.new_buffer(elem_count, storage.dtype());
         candle_metal_kernels::call_last_softmax(
             device.metal_device(),
             &command_buffer,

candle-transformers/Cargo.toml

@@ -31,4 +31,3 @@ accelerate = ["dep:accelerate-src", "candle/accelerate", "candle-nn/accelerate"]
 cuda = ["candle/cuda", "candle-nn/cuda"]
 flash-attn = ["cuda", "dep:candle-flash-attn"]
 mkl = ["dep:intel-mkl-src", "candle/mkl", "candle-nn/mkl"]
-metal = ["candle/metal", "candle-nn/metal"]

candle-transformers/src/models/mixformer.rs

@@ -142,9 +142,10 @@ impl RotaryEmbedding {
             .to_dtype(DType::F32)?
             .reshape((max_seq_len, 1))?;
         let freqs = t.matmul(&inv_freq)?;
-        let sin = freqs.sin()?;
+        Ok(Self {
-        let cos = freqs.cos()?;
+            sin: freqs.sin()?,
-        Ok(Self { sin, cos })
+            cos: freqs.cos()?,
+        })
     }
 
     fn apply_rotary_emb_qkv(
@@ -407,38 +408,3 @@ impl MixFormerSequentialForCausalLM {
         self.blocks.iter_mut().for_each(|b| b.clear_kv_cache())
     }
 }
-
-#[cfg(test)]
-mod tests {
-    use super::*;
-    #[test]
-    fn test_rotary() {
-        let dev = Device::new_metal(0).unwrap();
-        for i in 0..10000 {
-            let dim = 8;
-            let max_seq_len = 12;
-            let inv_freq: Vec<_> = (0..dim)
-                .step_by(2)
-                .map(|i| 1f32 / 10000f32.powf(i as f32 / dim as f32))
-                .collect();
-            let inv_freq_len = inv_freq.len();
-            let inv_freq = Tensor::from_vec(inv_freq, (1, inv_freq_len), &dev).unwrap();
-            let t = Tensor::arange(0u32, max_seq_len as u32, &dev)
-                .unwrap()
-                .to_dtype(DType::F32)
-                .unwrap()
-                .reshape((max_seq_len, 1))
-                .unwrap();
-            let x: f32 = t.i((1, 0)).unwrap().to_scalar().unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(x, 1.0);
-            let x: f32 = inv_freq.i((0, 1)).unwrap().to_scalar().unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(x, 0.1);
-            let freqs = t.matmul(&inv_freq).unwrap();
-            let x: f32 = freqs.i((1, 1)).unwrap().to_scalar().unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(x, 0.1);
-            let sin = freqs.sin().unwrap().contiguous().unwrap();
-            let x: f32 = sin.i((1, 1)).unwrap().to_scalar().unwrap();
-            assert_eq!(x, 0.099833414);
-        }
-    }
-}